Overview of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Overview of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
The carpal tunnel is a narrow canal or tube in the wrist. Similarly to a tunnel you could travel through by car, this part of the wrist allows the median nerve and tendons to connect the hand and forearm. The parts of this tunnel include:
- Carpal bones: These bones make up the bottom and sides of the tunnel. They are formed in a semi-circle.
- Ligament: The top of the tunnel, the ligament is a strong tissue that holds the tunnel together.
Inside the tunnel are the median nerve and tendons.
- Median nerve: This nerve provides feeling to most of the fingers in the hand (expect the little finger). It also adds strength to the base of the thumb and index finger.
- Tendons: Rope-like structures, tendons connect muscles in the forearm to the bones in the hand. They allow the fingers and thumb to bend.
People at risk for carpal tunnel syndrome are those who do activities or jobs that involve repetitive finger use. Motions that can place people at risk of developing carpal tunnel syndrome include:
- High-force (hammering).
- Long-term use.
- Extreme wrist motions.
- Vibration.
Many other factors can also contribute to the development of carpal tunnel syndrome. These factors can include:
- Heredity (smaller carpal tunnels can run in families).
- Pregnancy.
- Haemodialysis (a process where the blood is filtered).
- Wrist facture and dislocation.
- Hand or wrist deformity.
- Arthritic diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and gout.
- Thyroid gland hormone imbalance (hypothyroidism).
- Diabetes.
- Alcoholism.
- A mass (tumor) in the carpal tunnel.
- Older age.
- Amyloid deposits (an abnormal protein).
Carpal tunnel syndrome is also more common in women than in men.
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